Chicken

Overview

Chicken provides complete high-quality protein, niacin (B3) for NAD+ synthesis, zinc, and tryptophan, supporting neurotransmitter synthesis and mitochondrial function. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is directly converted to NAD+ via salvage pathway, and lack of niacin hampers NAD+ regeneration, decreasing ATP production and potentially affecting cognitive performance. Chicken is listed as a niacin-rich food and as a source for tryptophan, which is converted to NAD+ via kynurenine pathway and serves as a serotonin precursor.

Recipes

no recipes found

Substances

16 substances in this food

Histidine

Essential AA; precursor to histamine; roles in enzyme active sites

Iron

Oxygen transport; dopamine synthesis (tyrosine hydroxylase cofactor)

Isoleucine

Essential BCAA; energy metabolism; complements leucine/valine

Leucine

Essential BCAA; mTOR signaling; protein synthesis; cognitive load support

Lysine

Essential AA; limiting in many cereals; complements legumes

Methionine

Essential AA; precursor to SAMe via methylation cycle

Phenylalanine

Essential AA; precursor to tyrosine → catecholamines

Selenium

Antioxidant enzyme cofactor (GPx); supports redox balance

Threonine

Essential AA; structural proteins; mucin production

Tryptophan

Serotonin/melatonin precursor; NAD+ pathway substrate; LAT1 transport dynamics

Tyrosine

Dopamine and norepinephrine precursor; LAT1 competition with LNAAs

Valine

Essential BCAA; supports protein balance and neurotransmitter transport competition

Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)

Methylation; myelin; mitochondrial odd-chain FA metabolism

Vitamin B3 (Niacin; Niacinamide)

NAD+ precursor; supports mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP production

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine → PLP)

PLP cofactor for neurotransmitter synthesis; relies on brain PDXK activation

Zinc

Cofactor in neurotransmission and antioxidant enzymes; dopamine modulation

Preparation Notes

• Best prepared with gentle cooking to preserve nutrients and prevent formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs)
• Dark meat provides more taurine, which regulates calcium signaling, antioxidant defense, and neurotransmission
• Part of diverse protein strategy
• Supports NAD+ and neurotransmitter synthesis
• Protein-rich breakfasts support dopamine synthesis; pair with anti-inflammatory nutrients to protect DMN switching

Biological Target Matrix

Biological Target	Substance	Contribution Level	Therapeutic Areas	Mechanism of Action
Inflammation & Oxidative Stress	Zinc	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Supports immune signaling; gut barrier integrity disrupted by nutrient deficiencies including zinc
Methylation & One-Carbon Metabolism	Methionine	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease	Essential amino acid that forms S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), the universal methyl donor for neurotransmitter synthesis and membrane phospholipid methylation
Methylation & One-Carbon Metabolism	Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease	Essential cofactor in remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, which is converted to S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe); works with B6, B2, and folate; contributes meaningfully to homocysteine reduction, especially in combination with omega-3 fatty acids
Methylation & One-Carbon Metabolism	Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine → PLP)	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease	Essential cofactor in remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, which is converted to S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe); works with B2, folate, and B12
Methylation & One-Carbon Metabolism	Zinc	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease	Deficiencies in vitamins and minerals essential for methylation, such as folate, vitamin B12, and zinc, are correlated to ADHD symptoms; supplementing these micronutrients has shown potential in supporting methylation and reducing symptom severity
Mitochondrial Function & Bioenergetics	Iron	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Critical for oxygen delivery to the brain via hemoglobin; supports mitochondrial function and energy production
Mitochondrial Function & Bioenergetics	Selenium	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Protects mitochondria from oxidative damage through antioxidant enzyme activity
Mitochondrial Function & Bioenergetics	Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Crucial role in conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA, a key step in mitochondrial energy production; deficiency leads to buildup of methylmalonic acid and odd-chain fatty acids, which are neurotoxic
Mitochondrial Function & Bioenergetics	Vitamin B3 (Niacin; Niacinamide)	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Replenishes NAD+, supporting oxidative phosphorylation, sirtuin signaling, and mitochondrial biogenesis; key for neuronal energy metabolism
Neurotransmitter Regulation	Iron	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Essential cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the conversion of tyrosine to dopamine; critical for catecholamine synthesis
Neurotransmitter Regulation	Phenylalanine	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Essential amino acid that converts to tyrosine and supports catecholamine synthesis (dopamine, norepinephrine); participates in LAT1 competition at the blood-brain barrier
Neurotransmitter Regulation	Tryptophan	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Precursor for serotonin and melatonin; brain entry competes at LAT1 with other large neutral amino acids (LNAAs); carbohydrate-rich, low-protein meals raise the plasma tryptophan:LNAA ratio because insulin pushes competing LNAAs out to muscles; can feed NAD+ synthesis via the kynurenine pathway
Neurotransmitter Regulation	Tyrosine	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Catecholamine precursor (dopamine, norepinephrine); brain transport via LAT1 competes with other LNAAs; iron is an essential cofactor for tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in conversion of tyrosine to dopamine; cofactors include iron, B6, folate, omega-3s, and BH₄ (tetrahydrobiopterin) to support rate-limiting steps in catecholamine synthesis
Neurotransmitter Regulation	Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Supports neurotransmitter production through methylation; essential for myelin synthesis
Neurotransmitter Regulation	Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine → PLP)	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Cofactor for synthesis of dopamine, serotonin, GABA, and glutamate; supports rate-limiting steps in catecholamine synthesis; requires PDXK activation with magnesium and ATP support
Neurotransmitter Regulation	Zinc	Contextual / minor contributor	ADHD, Anxiety & GAD, Depression & MDD, Postnatal Depression (PND / PPD) — Evidence Base, Alzheimer's Disease, Bipolar Disorder	Important for DNA synthesis, cell division, and neurotransmitter regulation, particularly in modulating dopamine—a key neurotransmitter implicated in ADHD; acts as an allosteric modulator of the GABA receptor; supports glutamate regulation

References

• Niacin (Vitamin B₃): Directly converted to NAD+ via salvage pathway; food sources include chicken, turkey, tuna, salmon, mushrooms, peanuts, whole grains Pirinen et al. 2020
• Niacin-rich foods (e.g., salmon, chicken breast, turkey, peanuts, and mushrooms) support NAD+ availability, glutathione synthesis, and mitochondrial health
• Tryptophan: Converted to NAD+ via kynurenine pathway; food sources include turkey, chicken, eggs, pumpkin seeds, oats, soybeans
• Serotonin: Mood regulation, emotional control, impulse moderation; food sources include turkey, eggs, dairy, soy, seeds, oats, bananas; cofactors include tryptophan, B6, magnesium
• Zinc: Neurotransmitter modulation, synaptic plasticity, antioxidant enzymes; food sources include oysters, beef, crab, chicken, pork
• Dopamine: Attention, motivation, executive function; food sources include lean poultry, beef, fish, dairy, soy, pumpkin seeds