BRS2-FM1-PM3 - SAMe Synthesis
1. Definition
Production of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine to supply universal methyl donation.
This PM carries regenerated methionine forward into the universal methyl donor pool by producing S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), which supports downstream methylation chemistry across the system. Folate (B9), vitamin B12, riboflavin (B2), and vitamin B6 support the one-carbon steps that sustain methionine and SAMe availability [1][2].
2. Target Functional Outcome / Phenome
These mappings are translational relationships, not single-mechanism outcome claims. Phenomes are emergent functional patterns supported by multiple interacting PMs across the BRAIN Framework.
No direct functional outcome relationship currently mapped.
3. Intervention Breakdown
Food-State Dominant
4. Functional Role
↑ methyl donor pool
5. Mechanistic Basis
Summary
Production of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine to supply universal methyl donation.
SAMe Synthesis — mechanistic detail
(SAMe Synthesis)
Production of S-adenosylmethionine from methionine to supply universal methyl donation. Feeds neurotransmitter synthesis and phospholipid methylation.
Folate, vitamin B12, riboflavin (B2), and vitamin B6 are cofactors for upstream remethylation and transsulfuration steps that maintain methionine flux into SAMe; magnesium supports ATP-dependent methionine adenosyltransferase activity [1][2].
6. Connected BRS2 Mechanisms
6.1 Overarching Functional Mechanism
6.2 Connected Primary Mechanisms
- BRS2-FM1-PM1 - Folate/B12-Dependent Homocysteine Remethylation
- BRS2-FM1-PM2 - Betaine/BHMT Remethylation
- BRS2-FM1-PM4 - Methionine Cycle Flux
7. Connected Mechanisms
- None listed
8. Dietary Levers
8.1 Direct Dietary Levers
- Methionine ← eggs, meat, fish
- Folate ← leafy greens, legumes
- B12 ← shellfish, dairy, eggs
- Riboflavin (B2) ← dairy, eggs, lean meat
- Vitamin B6 ← poultry, fish, chickpeas
- Magnesium ← leafy greens, pumpkin seeds
8.2 Cofactors and Supporting Inputs
- magnesium
- Folate (B9)
- Vitamin B12
- Riboflavin (B2)
- Vitamin B6
8.3 KCs (Key Constraints)
9. Lifestyle Levers
Lifestyle
- Consistent daily meal timing may support one-carbon and methyl-donor availability across the day.
- Sleep and stress context may indirectly affect methylation demand; lifestyle factors are secondary to dietary substrate supply for this PM.
10. Scoreable Inputs & Modulation Signals
Scoreable Input Categories
| Input Category | Example Inputs | PM relevance |
|---|---|---|
| Functional Property Potentials | methyl_donor_pattern; sulfur_amino_acid_context; choline_rich_food_matrix | May support same synthesis. |
| Realised Functional States | consistent_daily_methyl_donor_coverage | May reflect meal-level pathway support. |
| Preparation Transformations | minimally_processed; whole_food_matrix | May preserve nutrient density for pathway support. |