15 docs tagged with "Vitamin"

A reduced form of vitamin B9 in foods, and the methyl donor for homocysteine remethylation.

All-trans-retinoic acid made in the body from dietary retinol or beta-carotene, not stored in the food.

Neurodevelopment; immune regulation; antioxidant via carotenoids

Mitochondrial glucose metabolism; ATP synthesis; rapid turnover in CNS

Methylation; myelin; mitochondrial odd-chain FA metabolism

Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and FAD coenzymes; redox balance; supports methylation via MTHFR

NAD+ precursor; supports mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP production

CoA synthesis; fatty-acid oxidation; TCA cycle flux

PLP cofactor for neurotransmitter synthesis; relies on brain PDXK activation

One-carbon metabolism; methylation; homocysteine recycling

Antioxidant; supports iron absorption; neuronal SVCT2 transport

Neurotrophic and immune modulation; calcium homeostasis

Lipid-phase antioxidant; protects PUFA (DHA) in membranes

Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) from green plants; required for vitamin K–dependent carboxylation.

Calcium handling; potential roles in brain health; often co-occurs with fat-soluble vitamins